Which term describes normal cells that require attachment to a substratum for growth?

• A. Growth dependency
• B. Contact inhibition
• C. Anchorage dependency
• D. Metastatic growth

Answer: (C)

The term that describes normal cells which require attachment to a substratum for growth is known as anchorage dependency. This characteristic is essential for the survival and proliferation of many types of cells in a multicellular organism. Anchorage-dependent cells adhere to a solid surface, such as the extracellular matrix or other cells, which provides necessary signals and structural support that promote cell division and function.

When cells are anchored, they receive specific growth signals that help regulate their behavior, including cell cycle progression and apoptosis. If these cells lose their attachment, they typically undergo programmed cell death (apoptosis). This mechanism is a critical aspect of maintaining tissue homeostasis and preventing uncontrolled cell proliferation.

In contrast, cells that do not require such attachment, often referred to as anchorage-independent cells, can grow in suspension and are usually associated with cancerous cells. Discovering the differences between these cell behaviors can help in understanding tumorigenesis and developing therapeutic strategies for cancer treatment.